Avoiding hypothermia when traveling in extreme cold

Some of the most incredible landscapes and environments in the world are in areas where the climate is at its roughest. From the Arctic circle to the tundras of Northern Russia, the Alps and Mount Everest. In order to survive in these areas, however, where the temperature can sometimes plummet by 30-40 degrees in one day, you will need to be prepared. Even winter in some cities in the US and Canada will leave you at risk of developing hypothermia, so it is essential that you are prepared if you’re planning on visiting these areas.

 

Hypothermia is the lowering of your body’s core temperature, the overall temperature at which your body functions. Normal body temperature is around 38 degrees (Celsius) and reaching a temperature just four degrees below can be dangerous. In order to avoid developing symptoms of hypothermia, which include feeling extreme cold in the extremities, followed by a numbness, shivering, and even tiredness and a loss of concentration, here are some things you can do to safeguard yourself:

 

Clothing should include water resistant coats (with sleeves that are snug at the wrist), water resistant boots, mittens, and a scarf or mask to cover your face and mouth. Wear wool or polypropylene, as these materials will insulate you even if you are wet. Avoid wearing cotton as it acts like a negative insulator and takes heat away from your body when wet. 

 

Wear a hat or wrap your head in an article of clothing. Your brain requires a large amount of blood to function; thus, your body circulates and loses a large amount of heat through your head.  Wearing a hat will help to conserve your body heat.

 

Pack extra clothes, carry strike-anywhere matches and carry a cup with you that can be used to melt snow into drinking water to stay hydrated.  If you are outdoors, make sure you pack a shelter (even if you don’t plan on camping) that you can quickly set up in case of an emergency. 

 

Carry a mobile phone with you and make sure your friends and relatives know that you are traveling in extreme weather conditions. Let them know your scheduled route as well as expected departure and expected arrival times.  Should you become stranded, they know when to expect you and can also alert authorities to your potential locations.